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Without links there would be no world wide web. Hyperlinks make it possible to access all the content and media files that are out there on the Internet. In order to create links we'll need to start by taking a look at URL's (Uniform Resource Locators).
Here is the basic structure of an URL:
Protocol :// site address / directory / file name
The protocol specifies how your file will be retrieved. One protocol you should already have seen is the HyperText Transfer Protocol, or HTTP, it specifies how the server will get a file to your browser. Another common protocol is the File Transfer Protocol, or FTP, most web hosts have you upload your files onto their servers by using an FTP client.
The site address can be broken down even further:
Machine name . domain name . domain type . country codeBack to the URL, the Directory is a place holder for a set of files, they are analogous to manila folders, they can contain files or even other directories.
Where the machine name can be any name, but you will mostly interact with the world wide web, so the notation is www. The domain name can be any name, such as pepmint (this is my domain name). There are many domain types, here is a char of some:
Domain Type Domain Description Example com Commercial entities and individuals yahoo.com net Networks and network providers cerf.net org Nonprofit and other organizations greenpeace.org edu Colleges and universities ucla.edu gov United States Federal government agencies whitehouse.gov mil United States Federal government military services nosc.mil
You may also see a country code, which are made up of two characters such as ca for Canada.
The file name is the name of the document along with its proper file extension, such as .html or .htm for your html files and .gif, or .jpg for your graphic images.
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